<!-- Source: https://docs.biosimulant.com/examples/ecology-turner-mosquito -->

# Ecology: Mosquito Life Stages

A mosquito immature life-stage model. **Tracks eggs, larvae, and pupae through development and mortality, and exposes the stage composition** so you can see whether a population is egg-heavy, larval-heavy, or balanced.

## What it simulates

- Three immature life stages (eggs, larvae, pupae) with stage-specific development and mortality rates.
- ODE dynamics solved by Tellurium directly from the original SBML.
- Stage-fraction diagnostics that always sum to 1.0.

![Turner2015 mosquito immature life-stage trajectories and stage fractions](/images/examples/ecology-turner-mosquito/turner2015-canvas-results.png)

## Run it on the Hub

1. Open the [Turner2015 Mosquito Life-Stage Ecology Model Lab](https://hub.biosimulant.com/labs/4465424c-70ed-4f7a-a851-be77a3f44cc2) on the public Hub.
2. Click **Run**. The default scenario runs for 365 days.

## Inputs you can tune

| Input | Meaning |
|---|---|
| `integration_step` | ODE solver step size (default 0.1 day). Smaller is more precise but slower. |
| `model_path` | Relative path to the SBML file. Usually leave at the default. |

Biological parameters (development rates, mortality rates, initial populations) live in the SBML file `model/data/BIOMD0000000922.xml` — edit it directly to change the biology.

## What results to expect

- **Life-stage abundances**: egg, larval, and pupal counts over time. After an initial transient, the populations settle into a stable composition.
- **Stage fractions**: proportion of total immature population in each stage. The default settles around 46% eggs, 39% larvae, 15% pupae.
- **Summary table**: final and extremal values per stage, plus the total immature population.

![Turner2015 stage fractions and summary table](/images/examples/ecology-turner-mosquito/turner2015-fractions-summary.png)

## Reference

SBML wrapper for Turner et al. (2015), [BioModels BIOMD0000000922](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biomodels/BIOMD0000000922).

**Info:**

  Source on GitHub: [models-ecology — turner2015-mosquito-life-stages](https://github.com/Biosimulant/models-ecology/tree/main/labs/ecology-turner2015-mosquito-life-stages).
